The Alphabet Soup of Financial Professionals
By Brooke Stephens
What's the difference between a CFA and a CPA? When it comes to the handling of your hard-earned bucks, you need to know. Brooke breaks down the acronyms for you below.
Looking around for financial advice today is like trying to read a racing
form or the stock tables without a cheat sheet. The problem is, without a
guidebook and a scorecard, you don't know who's who or what's what in the
money management game.
Any number of people with various titles offer to help you with your money, but what does that laundry list of letters and initials really mean? All financial professionals are not the same, don't have the same purpose, goals and services available. Without an understanding of the job behind the title, you could waste a lot of time and money before finding the right person to meet your needs.
It seems that everybody who used to be a stockbroker is now calling themselves anything but that now. Knowing the difference between, say, a financial consultant and a life
underwriter will help you understand what you're in for and what it's going
to cost you. Because the first rule of working with financial professionals is nobody works for free in this game. Still, you don't need to pay more than you have to.
Regardless of the alphabet soup of titles, initials, abbreviations and
designations, the most important thing for you to do is ask if they offer
a free consultation, which is a normal procedure in the business. Take
advantage of this opportunity to ask as many questions as possible to find
the right person. Remember, they are there to advise, assist and educate
you because, bottom line, it's your money.
Here's a quick guide to clear away the fog in the alphabet soup of
financial credentials:
CFP (certified financial planner)
CFS (certified fund specialist)
CPA (certified public accountant)
CFA (chartered financial analyst)
CLU (chartered life underwriter)
PFA (personal financial advisor)
RIA (registered investment advisor)
RR (registered representative)
CFP - certified financial planner: These are serious financial
professionals who have taken a broad array of professional courses over a two to three
year period and been tested on topics covering everything from investing and
insurance to taxes, retirement and estate planning. They have passed a
series of exams to confirm that they are qualified to answer questions in
each of those areas and have received the CFP designation from the Board of
Certified Financial Planners in Denver. They are also required to continue
taking educational courses, workshops and seminars in order to keep up with
the most recent changes in the financial/investing business. They get paid
in three ways: 1) by charging hourly fees from $100 to $350; 2) by charging a
flat fee for a written plan that ranges from $375 to $15,000 depending on
how little or large your financial assets happen to be; or 3) by
commission only which means that their recommendations may be geared toward
selling insurance, stocks or mutual funds with heavy sales commissions included in them. TOP
CFS - certified fund specialist: This is a shortened version of the CFP
program for investment-only professionals who focus on assisting clients with
setting up investment portfolios for retirement and estate planning using
primarily mutual funds, unit investment trusts and annuities. They work
mainly on a commission basis which means 2 percent to 9 percent of each of your
investment dollars go to them as commissions for the services they provide.
Another variation on this title would be the certified mutual fund counselor.TOP
CPA - certified public accountant: Their speciality is taxes, taxes and
more taxes although in the last 10 years, the securities laws have changed
allowing accountants to make investment recommendations and even sell some
securities without taking the stockbroker's or the CFP exams. Some have
begun to dabble in investment advisory work without much experience or
hands-on training in that area, so be cautious and ask a lot of questions
about why and how they arrived at their investment recommendations. Keep in
mind that in addition to paying a fee for getting your taxes done, you're also
probably paying a commission for the investments they offer.TOP
CFA - chartered financial analyst: This is a research specialist, also
called a securities analyst, who rarely meets with individuals since they
specialize in doing the in-house research for the investment bankers to
follow the various companies. They also study the industries and write the reports
used by the media and stockbrokers to make buy and sell recommendations on
various stocks.TOP
CLU - chartered life underwriter: These are primarily life insurance
salespeople, and their focus is mainly on creating and selling insurance for
business owners, wealthy individuals and corporate officers interested in
estate planning, retirement planning and deferred compensation packages using
life insurance.TOP
PFA - personal financial advisor: The is a new designation created by the National
Association of Personal Financial Advisors to compete with the CFP for
fee-only planners who have at least five years experience and have passed a
series of exams to qualify for the title.TOP
RIA - registered investment advisor: This is the easiest title to get in the
financial game because all it requires is the completion of a very
complicated form to be submitted to the Securities and Exchange Commission
along with a $150 filing fee. They take a three hour-exam which can be
passed after a one-day crash course of study. Even though this is an easy
title to get, don't discount the financial professionals who have this
designation. Many of them may be former stockbrokers, insurance agents or
bankers with extensive experience that can be useful to you. Here's where
you may also get objective advice without having to worry about being sold a
product that you don't want or need but you should expect to pay a fee.TOP
RR - registered representative: This is the basic legal title given by the
Securities and Exchange Commission to those people who have passed the Series
7 licensing exam to become full-fledged stockbrokers. They are regulated by
the National Association of Securities Dealers who keep very detailed records
on each person who has ever been in the brokerage business.TOP
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